Agricultural Residues

Mr Switchgrass is an inverted downdraft gasifier design that burns/gasifiers chopped switchgrass or weeds with little to no smoke problems. A rule of thumb is that each section will burn for a solid ten minutes at full flame. I measured 66 lbs for one load and it ran for about 40 to 50 minutes.

Burner Flame

Burn Flame 2: Started with paper or house trash.

Burn Flame 3: Smoke free flame.

Burn Flame 4

Burn Flame 5: Very clean burn.

Bale Storage: This is how I stored the bales of switchgrass.

Flue: No smoke from the stack.

Transformation Tower: More proof of the clean burn.

Air tube and grate: Grate and air tube.

Loaded: Here you can see a new load of switchgrass, air tube and air holes.

Puffergas.com

Rice Husk Gasifier Links
Tom Miles, March 6, 2008

Following are some links for Rice Husk Gasifiers

Philippines
Rice Biomass for Agriculture & Industry in the Philippines & ASEAN Bernardo D. Tadeo PhD PhilRice, Philippines (Pdf) Dec 14, 2005

Japan
R&D of Carbonizing Gasification of Biomass Wastes Kazuyoshi Ichikawa, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, March 2007

Specification and Production: Technologies of Bio--Fuels in Japan Kinya Sakanishi Biomass Technology Research Biomass Center(BTRC Center(BTRC),),AIST, Hiroshima 737AIST, 737--0197, Japan0197, Japan““

India

Design Parameters for a Rice Husk Throatless Gasifier Reactor Anil Kr Jain School of Energy Studies for Agriculture, PAU. Ludhiana, 141 004 (INDIA).2006

Myanmar

Electrical Industry of Burma/Myanmar, Online Compendium

China
Study on performance of biomass gasifier-engine systems and their environmental aspects, Zhang Baozhao, Xu Yicheng
China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China, FAO Paper No.9403

• 160 kWe Yingkhou “Gasification of Agro-Industrial Residues for Electricity Production” in the Peoples Republic of China ENEA, IT, 2006

Indonesia

Biomass Gasification In Indonesia IEA Dresden, June 2006
Biomass for Electricity Generation: Comments on the Background Paper Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization, Republic of Indonesia, 2007
- 100 kWe pilot. The project was stopped last year (2006) because problems from the tar could not be solved completely. Tar gives a negative effect to the environment and diesel engine as well.(Contact information, website link for full information.)PT. Indonesia Power, Jl.Gatot Subroto, Jakarta Selatan Indonesia. Tel. 62-21-5267666. www.indonesiapower.co.id

Open Core Re-burn Stratified Downdraft Gasifiers: References
Tom Miles, November 18, 2007
Temperatures and Gas Composition

Multi-mode Gasifier

"Method an Apparatus for Generating and Utilizing Combustible Gas", US Patent 6,647,903, Nov. 18, 2003, Charles, W. Aguadas Ellis http://freepatentsonline.com/6647903.pdf

Superficial velocity - the Key to Downdraft Gasification T. B. Reed, R. Walt, S. Ellis, A. Das, S. Deutch http://www.woodgas.com/Superficial%20Velocity.pdf

S. Chopra and A. Jain. “A Review of Fixed Bed Gasification Systems for Biomass”.Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Engineering International: the CIGR Ejournal. Invited Overview No. 5. Vol. IX. April, 2007.
http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/960

Design Parameters for a Rice Husk Throatless Gasifier," Anil Kr Jain, May 2006, Agricultural engineering internationals: the CIGR Ejournal, Manuscript EE 05 012 vol Viii.
http://cigr-ejournal.tamu.edu/submissions/volume8/EE%2005%20012%20Jain%20final%2010May2006.pdf

The 2D Eulerian Approach of Entrained Flow and Temperature in a Biomass Stratified Downdraft Gasifier A Rogel and J. Agullon, American Journal of Applied Sciences 3 (10) 2068-2075, 2006
http://www.scipub.org/fulltext/ajas/ajas3102068-2075.pdf

Method and Apparatus for Generating Combustible Synthesis Gas US patent 20070012229, Jan.18,2007. Rehmat, Amirali G (Darien, IL, US)KAO, Richard L (Northbrook, IL, US), CHUNG, Jin Soo (Hacienda Heights, CA, US) http://www.freepatentsonline.com/20070012229.pdf

Operating Engines on Woodgas" Bill Olsen. 2007.
http://www.slideshare.net/ncenergy/operating-engines-on-woodgas-by-bill-olsen

Modeling wood gasification in a countercurrent fixed-bed reactor
Colomba Di Blasi * Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80125 Napoli, Italy
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/109594729/abstract

Thermo-Chemical Conversion of Biomass – a Retrospective and a Prospective
H. S. Mukunda, S. Dasappa, P J Paul, N K S Rajan, G Sridhar, H V Sridhar and U Shrinivasa, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

Thermal Gasification Technology: Open Top Re-burn Down Draft IISc.India
NetPro DESI Power India
http://www.desipower.com/field_experience/netpro_experience.htm

A Process and gasifier for Gasification of Solid Biofuel European Patent EP1442101, Henrik
Houmann Jakobsen, May 15, 2003 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP1442101.pdf

Gasification of bamboo for electricity
Government of India, Ministry of Science and Technology, DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (DST) 2007

NMBA, National Mission on Bamboo Applications http://www.bambootech.org

DST/ NMBA has approved the establishment of a 25 Kwe fabricated
gasifier with producer gas engine at Namsai, Lohit district.

DST/ NMBA has approved the establishment of a 25 Kwe (35 kg/
hour) gasifier to provide electricity for a residential educational
establishment (Central Institute of Himalayan Culture Studies,
Dahung) in Arunachal Pradesh.
DST/ NMBA will support, for off-grid and remote villages,
a programme of induction of 6 bamboo gasifiers in 2007 (in
the 25 Kwe - 75 Kwe range), to provide electricity to villages,
or to institutions (residential schools, health sub-centres,
small enterprises).

http://dst.gov.in/admin_finance/ls_9/un_sq561.htm

List of Gasifier Manufacturers working in collaboration with NMBA for induction of bamboo based gasifier systems

Vidir Biomass Greenhouse Gas Displacement System
Vidir Manufacturing, Inc., Manitoba, CAN
Vidir Biomass

PRM Energy Gasification Systems May 2007
Eneria 1 MWe

Sugarcane Leaf-Bagasse Gasifiers for industrial Heating
Rajeev Jorapur and Anil K. Rajvanshi, Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute (NARI), Maharashtra, India 1997

NARI

Commercial Operation of Thermogenics’ Model 103-2X-6 gasifier Update March, 2007
Leland Taylor, Thermogenics, Inc. March 2007
Model 103-2X-6 at Snyder, Texas

Validation Report of a Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Biomass Gasifier Power Plant Project in the north-Indian State of Bihar
Andreas Gantenbein, Centre for Energy Policies and Economics (CEPE), Department of Environmental Sciences (D-UWIS), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, October 2005

Cohune Charcoal
Peter Singfield, Belize, January 4-5, 2007

Cohune Charcoal